Private pilots exercising the privileges of a JAR-FCL Private Pilot’s Licence (PPL) will be entitled to fly in the sovereign airspace of many nations, notably, of course, in the airspace of the member nations of the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) and those nations in which the practice of aviation falls under the authority of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). In whatever nation a pilot flies, some parts of the airspace he enters will be under the formal control of air traffic control units, while other parts of the airspace will be uncontrolled. And whatever type of airspace a pilot finds himself in, he will be sharing the air with thousands of fellow aviators. Like any community, the aviation community is governed by laws and regulations, so all pilots are required to have a sound knowledge of ‘Air Law’. This book is designed to make the acquisition of that knowledge as painless as possible for the student. It is important for student pilots to realise that the introduction of the JAR-FCL PPL has brought with it a change in the way Air Law is examined. In the new examination, a student is just as likely to have to answer questions on ICAO procedures as on procedures applicable to the airspace of his own country, alone. The main consequence of the introduction of the JAR-FCL PPL, then, has been to place greater emphasis on testing a student’s knowledge of International Air Law so that the student is prepared to fly in the airspace of countries other than his own. While we recognise that many readers of this book will be United Kingdom-based pilots, because this book is a text book for pilots studying for a JAR-FCL pilot’s licence, the book is divided into two principal parts: International (ICAO) Air Law and United Kingdom Air Law. This is so that readers may know which elements of Air Law are international, and which elements are applicable to the United Kingdom alone.